Singletree and neck-yoke lathe.



N0. 659,868. Pafented Oct. I6, |900.

C. C. HICKEL.

(Application :ma June 19, 1900.)

'(NU Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

im un" AT HNEYl No. 659,868. Patented Oct. I6, |900.-

C. C. HICKEL.

SINGLE-TREE AND NECK YDKE LATHE. (Application led June 19. 1900.)

(Numdam.) s swam-sheet 2.

pu: cams PETERS ou.. Prlorourno.. vusnmnrou, o, c.

No. 659,868. Patented Oct. I6, |900. C. C. HICKEL. SINGLETHEE AND NECKYKE LA''IIE.n

(Application led June 19, 1900A 3 Sheeis--Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

w/r/vEsSEa:

` turn STATES PATENT "rines,

CHRSTOPHER C. HICKEL, OF MUNOIF., INDIANA.

SHNGLETREE AND NECK-YOKE LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. -659,868, dated October16, 1900.

Application filed June 19, 1900. merial No. 20,837. (No model.)

To LZZ whom, t 11m/y concern.-

Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER CHICKEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Muncie, in the county of Delaware and State of Indiana, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Singletree and Neck-Yoke Lathes, of which the following is a specication.

The object of my said invention is to produce a machine by whichsingletrees, doubletrees, and neck -yokeshF may be formed rapidly andefficiently and with the least possible waste or loss of parts.

A machine embodying my said invention will be first fully described andthe novel features thereof then pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof,and in which similar reference characters indicate similar parts, Figure1 is a top or plan view of a machine embodying my said invention, thechuck being shown open, but otherwise in the position it occupies whenthe machine is in operation in full lines, and thrown back ready toreceive a new blank in dotted lines; Fig. 2, a front elevation thereof;Fig. 3, an end elevation as seen from the dotted line 3 3 alongsideFigs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4, a transverse sectional view as seen from thedotted line a 4 in Fig. 1; Fig. .5, a transverse sectional view as seenfrom the dotted line 5 5 in Fig. 1; Fig. (i, a longitudinal sectionalview as seen from the dotted line 6 6 in Fig. 1; Fig. 7, a detailsectional View, on an enlarged scale, as seen from the dotted line 7 7in Fig. 2; Fig. 8, a view of a portion of the chuck and attachedmechanism as seen when looking outwardly from the cutter-heads, asindicated by the dotted lines 8 8; Fig. 9, a detail sectional view asseen from the dotted line 9 9 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 10 a detail viewshowing the construction by which the belt-shifter is enabled to act asa stopping device for the fast pulley.

Upon a suitable frame 1 I mount two cutter-head carriages 2 and 3, whichare in most respects exactly alike. Upon these carriages are adjustablebearings et, 5, 6, and 7, in which the shafts S and 9, carrying thecutterheads 10 and 11, run, these shafts and cutter-heads being drivenby belts 12 and 13, running to pulleys 14 and 15 on said shafts,respectively. Said cutter-head carriages are secured to the frame l bypivots 1b' and 17, respectively, said pivots being positioned at thosecorners nearest the outer edges of the cutter-heads, as shown, and atthe other corners by clamping-bolts b, which pass down through slots inthe frame of said carriages and enter the frame 1, the several slotsbeing in eifect arcs of circles struck from said pivots. The cutter-headcarriages are thus permitted to swing on the pivots, shifting thecutters in and out, the motion at the inner edges being the greatest,for purposes which will hereinafter appear. As shown in Fig. 1, numerousholes are provided for the pivots 16 and 17, so that the pivotal pointcan be shifted as desired from a point immediately adjacent to the outeredges of the cutterheads to a point considerably distant therefrom, witha resultant changing of the form of the article being made, as willhereinafter appear.

The several boxes or bearings 4E, 5, 6, and 7 are adapted to be shiftedlongitudinally of the carriages 2 and 3 and the cutter-heads thusbrought nearer to or farther apart, as maybe desired, in making articlesof different lengths and shapes. The boxes are mounted on slides on thecarriages, and the pairs of boxes are connected, respectively, by shafts18 and 19, upon which are spur gear-wheels g, which engage,respectively, with racks r, secured rigidly to the frames of thecarriages 2 and 3. The boxes are held to the fralnes by bolts passingthrough slots, as shown, and when it is desired to adjust said boxesnearer to or farther from each other it is only necessary to loosen thebolts, turn the shafts 1S and 19 by means of suitable cranks orwrenches, and retighten the bolts, when they will be secured firmly inthe new position. The shafts, spur-gears, and rack-bars being allprecisely similar, the movement of all corresponding parts will beuniform.

The articles to be turned-namely, singletrees, doubletrees, andneck-yokes-are commonly oblong in cross-section, especially in thecenter, and it is therefore necessary to provide a means by which thecutters shall IOO advance toward and recede from the piece of Wood beingturned in a fixed and unvarying relation to the rotation of such pieceof wood itself. I have therefore provided a connected mechanism foroperating the chucks and for swinging the cutter-head carriages on theirpivots, as Will now be explained.

At one end of the machine is a shaft 20, upon Which is a tight pulley21, by Which it is driven by means of a suitable belt 22, and

a loose pulley 23, to which said belt may be shifted when it is desiredthat the mechanism of my improved lathe shall come to a rest. There arealso upon this shaft 2O bevel-gears 24 and 25, Which intel-mesh,respectively, with the corresponding bevel-gears 26 and 27 on shaftsforming part of the carriage-reciprocating mechanism and the chuckingmechanism, respectively. The shaft 28 of the chucking mechanism, onwhich the gear 26 is secured, is mounted in bearings in the frame 1 andbears a cam 29, which, in the arrangement shown, engages with aprojection 30 (which should have an antifriction roll or truck t in itsface) on the frame of the carriage 3, so that as said shaft revolvessaid cam operates to push said carriage over by its con tact With saidprojection. A strong spring 31 bears at one point against the frame land at another point, in the arrangement shown, against the carriage 2.The carriages 2 and 3, as shown in Fig. 1, are so connected. by means ofsegments or otherwise as to permit them an independent pivotal movement,While at the same time causing them to move uniformly toward or awayfrom the article being turned. The spring acts oppositely to the cam 29,and its force is arranged to hold the carriages as far away from thearticle being turned as possible, while the cam as it revolves from timeto time forces said carriages forward. By means of the connectionsbefore mentioned and a proper proportioning of the gears the chuckcarrying the article to be turned is revolved once during eachreciprocal motion of the cutter-carrying carriages, so that its greatestdiameter is operated upon When said carriages are forced farthest backby means of the spring and its smallest diameter is operated upon whensaid carriages are forced farthest by the cam, as Will be readilyunderstood.

The shaft 20, as before stated, drives both thecutterhead-carriage-reciprocating and the chucking mechanism. Thebevel-pinions 24 and 26 are of the same size, and the bevelpinions 25and 27 are of the same size. The shaft 32, which forms a part of thechucking and chuck propelling mechanism, consequently revolves at thesame rate of speed as the shaft 28, forming a part of the cutterheadcarriage operating mechanism. This shaft 32 is mounted in suitablebearings in a sliding frame'or carriage 33, mounted on suitable ways onthe brackets 34 of the frame 1. This frame or carriage 33 is moved inand out by means of a rock-shaft 35, having arms 36, Which are connectedby links 37, uniting said arms and said frame or carriage, the Wholebeing operated through a lever 38, as will be readily understood. Thesliding frame or carriage 33 includes a bearing 39 for the hub of thebevel-pinion 25, which is mounted and revolves therein, being driven bythe shaft 20, as before stated. Said pinion is secured to rotate Withsaid shaft 2O by means of a spline on said shaft, which permits saidpinion a free movement longitudinally thereof, thus permitting it totravel With the other chucking and chuck-propelling mechanism as thesame is operated by the levers 38, as indicated by the dotted lines inFig. 1. Said carriage 33 also has tWo adjustable pillars P, in Which arebearings for the ends of the chucks 40 and 41 and also for the plungers48 and 49. These pillars are capable of longitudinal movement on thecarriage 33 and are thus adjustable to accommodate the adjustment of theother parts when it is desired to change the machine to operate ondifferentsized blanks. Said pillars are held to the body of the carriageby machine-bolts m and are kept in proper position by grooved ways inthe face of said carriage, into Which corresponding projections on thecontacting faces of the pillars enter. the sliding frame or carriage arethe chucks proper, 4() and 41, which engage With the ends of the pieceof Wood being turned. These are given their rotary movement by means ofpairs of spur-gears 42 43 and 44 45, one member of each pair beingmounted on the shaft 32 and the other member of each pair on the shaftof the chuck 40 or41. The hubs of the spur-gears 43 and 45 are mountedin bearings 46 and 47 on the frame 33, which bearings keep them inplace, while they are connected to the shaft-like portions of the chucks40 and 41 by means of splines thereon, and thus give said chucks theirrotary movement. The chucks are forced endwise into and out ofengagement with the piece being turned by plungers 48 and 49, havingbifurcated arms 50 and 51, which pass up between collars on the shaftportions of the chucks 40 and 41, as shown. ated from a central disk 52,through links 53 and 54, by means of a handle or lever 55.

The belt-shifter 56 is connected at one end to the chuck-carriage 33,while the other end is supported by means of a bearing 57 on thefratrie 1. As the chuck-carriage is moved back and forth by means of thelever 38 the belt-shifter moves With it, so that When the chuck-carriage is moved to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1the driving-belt is shifted to the idle pulley 23, With the consequencethat the mechanism ceases motion. ln order that the motion shall stop atprecisely the desired point, I have provided a projection p on thebelt-shifter 56, which ex- These plungers 48 and 49 are oper- Alsomounted in IOO tends down and is adapted to engage with the rim of thefast pulley'21 and to come in contact with an arm or projection a withinthe rim of said pulley, which of course as the belt is leaving saidpulley and passing onto the pulley 23 causes the pulley 21,with all themechanism driven thereby, to immediately stop and to always stop at thesame point.

As an auxiliary to or substitute for the :o hand-lever 38 I may attach afoot-lever to the rock-shaft 35, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3.

The operation of this machine is as follows: When it is desired to makea whiiiietree or I5 neck-yoke with round ends and with a center ofoblong` shape, the pivots 16 and 17 are shifted to the holes adjacent toand im mediately behind the outer edges of the cutterheads and 11, thecutter-heads themselves 2o having been previously adjusted to thatposition where said outer edges of the cutterhcads will just reach theends of the neckyoke or singletree to be formed by means of the shafts18 and 19 and the pinions thereon z 5 and the racks with which theyengage. When the parts are thus adjusted, there is no perceptiblemovement of the outer edges of the cutter-heads caused by the cam 29 andthe spring 31, the movement of the cutter-head 3o carriages onlyresultingin a movement of said cutter-heads substantially such as wouldresult from pivoting the outer edges and swingin g the inner edges. Thisarrangement gives the greatest taper to the part being worked. 3 5l/Vhen it is desired that the ends of the article being turned shallalso be oval in form, then the pivots 16 and 17 are shifted to other ofthe holes, the exact point of pivoting depending upon the shape desired.When it is 4o desired to have the greatest oval possible, the pivots areshifted into the outer holes. In the drawings the pivots are shown at anintermediate point, and thus arranged to produce a shape commonlydesired. rlhe machine having been adjusted to the work required, thepiece of wood forming the blank is placed between the chucks 110 and 41,which are forced toward each other by a proper movement of the handle orlever through 5o the intermediate parts, as before explained; Duringthis operation the carriage 33 has occupied the position most distantfrom the cutter-heads, as indicated by the dotted linesin Fig. 1. Afterthe blank is in place and iirmly 55 clamped there then the carriage 33is moved up toward the cutter-heads by means of the lever 38, whichbrings said blank against the cutters, which, being in rotation, operatethereon and turn it down to the shape de- 6o sired. lVhen the turninghas been completed, the carriage 33 is pulled away by means of the lever3S, a new blank inserted, and the operation repeated. Whenever it isdesired to stop the machine, it may easily be done by means of thebelt-shifter 56.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a wood turning lathe, of a suitable framework,two cutterhead carriages mounted tl1ereon,cutterheads mounted in saidcarriages, means whereby said cutter-head carriages may besimultaneously swung from pivotal points, a suitable chuck, means fordriving said chuck and thus revolving the blank adjacent to thecutterheads, and mechanism connecting the chuckdriving means with thecutter-carriage-reciprocating means whereby the same are caused to movein a fixed relation to each other.

2. The combination, in a wood turning lathe, of a suitable frame, twocutter-head carriages mounted thereon and secured thereto by pivot-s atopposite points, means for swinging said cutter-head carriages on saidpivots and thus moving the adjacent edges of the cutter-headssimultaneously to and from the work, a chuck for holding said work, acarriage for said chuck, means for moving said carriage toward and awayfrom the cutter-heads, and means for imparting simultaneous motion tothe chuck and to the cutterhead-carriage-operating mechanism.

3. The combination, in a wood turning lathe,of a frame, cutter-headsmounted thereon, said cutter-heads being in the form of large disks witha series of cutters in their faces, a chuck-carriage also mounted onsaid framework, means for moving said chuckcarriage toward and from thecutter-heads, gears for driving the chucks mounted to rotate in bearingsin the carriage, the chuckshafts being mounted therein and having a freelongitudinal movement in respect thereto as described, plungers havingforked or bifnrcated arms engaging with said chuckshafts and adapted tomove them longitudinally, a central disk, links connecting the same tosaid plungers, and a handle or lever for operating said disk.

4t. The combination, in a wood turning lathe, of a frame, achuck-carriage, appropriate chucks therein, cutter-head carriages alsomounted on the said frame, pivots securing said cutter-head carriages tosaid frame at opposite points, a cam operating against a projection onone of said cutter-head carriages to drive the same and its fellow inone direction, and a spring connected to the main frame and to one endof said carriages for driving said carriages in the opposite directionto that in which they are driven by said cam, and means whereby saidcarriages are united and caused to move together.

5. The combination, in a wood turning lathe, of a framework, a suitablework-holding chuck, two cutter-head carriages adjustably secured to saidframework, cutter-heads provided with shafts mounted on said carriages,boxes by which the same are so mount- IOO IOS

vfrom the cutter-heads, Said belt-shifter being provided With aprojection adapted to engage with and Stop said tight pulley,substantially r 5 `as set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, atIndianapolis, Indiana, this 15th day of June, A. D. 1900.

CHRISTOPHER C. HIGKEL.

Witnesses:

CHESTER BRADFORD, JAMES A. WALSH.

